Common Name: Antimony Trifluoride
CAS Number: 7783-56-4
DOT Number: UN 1549
Date: August 1, 1987
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* Antimony Trifluoride can affect you when breathed in and by
passing through your skin.
* Exposure can cause sore throat, skin rash, poor appetite and
irritate the lungs. Higher levels can cause a build-up of
fluid in the lungs, or irregular heartbeat. These can cause
death.
* High or repeated exposure may damage the liver and the heart
muscle.
* Antimony Trifluoride is a CORROSIVE Chemical and contact can
burn the skin and eyes, causing damage.
* If used near acid, a deadly gas (Stibine) can be released.
IDENTIFICATION
Antimony Trifluoride is a white to gray crystal (sugar or sand-
like) material. It can be used in solutions. It is used in dyeing;
to make porcelain and pottery; and as a fluorinating agent.
REASON FOR CITATION
* Antimony Trifluoride is on the Hazardous Substance List
because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT and
NIOSH.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is CORROSIVE
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910. 20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work-related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
-----------------------------------------
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
These exposure limits are recommended for Antimony and compounds as
Stibine.
OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is
0.5 mg/m3 averaged over an 8-hour workshift.
NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.5 mg/m3
averaged over 10-hour workshift.
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.5 mg/m3
averaged over an 8-hour workshift.
* The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin
contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even though air
levels are less than the limits listed above.
OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is
2.5 mg/m3 for Fluorides averaged over an 8-hour
workshift.
NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 2.5 mg/m3 for
Fluorides, inorganic averaged over a 10-hour workshift.
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 2.5 mg/m3 for
Fluorides averaged over an 8-hour work-shift.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Antimony
Trifluoride and at the end of the workshift. st hazard and
warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of
an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all
information on the health and safety hazards of Antimony
Trifluoride to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
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HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to Antimony Trifluoride:
* Exposure can cause sore throat and airway irritation, with
cough. Nausea and metallic taste may occur. Higher levels may
cause fluid in the lungs, and may cause the heart to beat
irregularly or stop.
* Contact can burn the skin or eyes, causing permanent damage.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to Antimony Trifluoride and can last for months
or years:
Cancer Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Antimony Trifluoride has not been
tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals.
Reproductive Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Antimony Trifluoride has not been
tested for its ability to adversely affect reproduction.
Other Long-Term Effects
* Repeated exposure can cause headache, poor appetite, dry
throat and lack of sleep. Damage to the liver and heart muscle
may also occur, especially with frequent of higher exposures.
* Very irritating substances may affect the lungs. It is not
known whether Antimony Trifluoride causes lung damage.
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the TLV
or greater, or significant skin contact), the following are
recommended before beginning work and at regular times after that:
* Urine test for Antimony.
* Consider lung function tests.
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may
be useful:
* EKG.
* Liver function tests.
* Consider chest x-ray after acute over-exposure.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies
of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information
under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
* Use of Antimony Trifluoride near acid can cause release of a
deadly gas, Stibine.
* Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung
cancer, emphysema and other respiratory problems, it may
worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure.
Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will
reduce your risk of developing health problems.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following controls are recommended:
* Where possible, automatically transfer Antimony Trifluoride
from drums or other storage containers to process containers.
* Specific engineering controls are recommended for this
chemical by NIOSH Refer to the NIOSH criteria document:
Antimony #78-216.
* Specific engineering controls are recommended for this
chemical by NIOSH. Refer to the NIOSH criteria document:
Inorganic Fluoride # 76-103.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Antimony
Trifluoride should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Antimony
Trifluoride.
* Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work
area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower
facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with Antimony Trifluoride, immediately wash or
shower to remove the chemical.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Antimony Trifluoride is
handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean-up.
Do not dry sweep.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate. The following recommendations are only guidelines and
may not apply to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with Antimony Trifluoride. Wear protective
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/ manufacturers
can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/
clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Wear splash-proof chemical goggles and face shield when
working with liquid , unless full facepiece respiratory
protection is worn.
* Wear dust-proof goggles and face shield when working with
powders or dust, unless full facepiece respiratory protection
is worn.
Respiratory Protection
* IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment
should only be used if the employer has a written program that
takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for
worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as
described in OSHA 1910.134.
* Where the potential exists for exposures over 0.5 mg/m3 for
solid Antimony Trifluoride, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved full
facepiece respirator with a high efficiency particulate
filter. Greater protection is provided by a powered-air
purifying respirator.
* If while wearing a filter, cartridge or canister respirator,
you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect Antimony
Trifluoride, or in the case of a full facepiece respirator you
experience eye irritation, leave the area immediately. Check
to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it
is, replace the filter, cartridge, or canister. If the seal is
no longer good, you may need a new respirator.
* Be sure to consider all potential exposures in your workplace.
You may need a combination of filters, prefilters, cartridges,
or canisters to protect against different forms of a chemical
(such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals.
* Where the potential for high exposures on liquid Antimony
Trifluoride exists, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied-air
respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive
pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the
continuous flow mode.
* Exposure to 80 mg/m3 is immediately dangerous to life and
health. If the possibility of exposures above 80 mg/m3 exists,
use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus
with a full facepiece operated in continuous flow or other
positive pressure mode.
Common Name: Antimony Trifluoride
DOT Number: UN 1549
DOT Emergency Guide code: 60
CAS Number: 7783-56-4
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NJ DOH Hazard rating
FLAMMABILITY Not Found
REACTIVITY Not Found
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DOES NOT BURN
CORROSIVE
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* Extinguish fire using an agent suitable for type of
surrounding fire. Antimony Trifluoride itself does not burn.
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If Antimony Trifluoride is spilled or leaked, take the following
steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill or leak until clean-up is complete.
* Ventilate the area of spill or leak.
* Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar
material and deposit in sealed containers.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Antimony
Trifluoride as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional
office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
for specific re commendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with Antimony Trifluoride you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
* Antimony Trifluoride must be stored to avoid contact with HOT
PERCHLORIC ACID since violent reactions occur.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated
area away from HEAT.
FIRST AID
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash
contaminated skin with large amounts of water.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility. Medical observation
for 1 to 2 days is recommended after overexposure, as lung and
other effects may be delayed.
PHYSICAL DATA
Water Solubility: Soluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
Stibine, Trifluoro-
Other Names and Formulations:
Antimonius Fluoride; Antimony (111) Fluoride(1:3);
Trifluoroantimony.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
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NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368
(609) 984-2202
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ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Antimony is an element which occurs naturally in the environment as
a component of certain minerals. As antimony oxide, it is added to
various materials as a flame retardant. Antimony may occur in the
aquatic environment from natural weathering of mineral formations,
from mining and manufacturing effluents, and from municipal wastes.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
Antimony has high acute toxicity to aquatic life. No data are
available on the short-term effects of antimony to plants, birds,
or land animals.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
Antimony has high chronic toxicity to aquatic life. No data are
available on the long-term effects of antimony to plants, birds, or
land animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
Antimony and its salts have solubilities in water ranging from low
to high.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Antimony is highly persistent in water with a half-life of longer
than 200 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the amount of time
it takes for one-half of the chemical to be degraded.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of antimony found in fish tissues is expected to
be about the same as the average concentration of antimony in the
water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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