Common Name: Antimony Potassium Tartrate
CAS Number: 28300-74-5
DOT Number: UN 1551
Date: August 1, 1987
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* Antimony Potassium Tartrate can affect you when breathed in
and by passing through your skin.
* Exposure can cause poor appetite, rash, nausea, headaches,
sore throat and irritation of air passages, with cough. Higher
levels can cause abdominal pain, fluid buildup in the lungs
and may make the heart beat irregularly or stop.
* High or repeated exposure may damage the liver or heart
muscle.
* Eye contact can cause irritation.
IDENTIFICATION
Antimony Potassium Tartrate is an odorless colorless crystal (sugar
or sand-like) material or white powder. It is used in medicine and
dyeing; and as an insecticide.
REASON FOR CITATION
* Antimony Potassium Tartrate is on the Hazardous Substance List
because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT and
NIOSH.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910. 20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work-related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
-----------------------------------------
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
These exposure limits are recommended for Antimony and compounds
(as Stibine).
OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is
0.5 mg/m3 averaged over an 8 hour workshift.
NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.5 mg/m3
averaged over a 10 hour workshift.
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.5 mg/m3
averaged over an 8 hour workshift.
* The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin
contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even though air
levels are less than the limits listed above.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Antimony
Potassium Tartrate.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of Antimony Potassium Tartrate to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
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HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to Antimony Potassium
Tartrate:
* Exposure can cause nausea, headache, sore throat and irritate
the air passages, causing cough. Higher exposures can cause
vomiting, abdominal pain and may cause the heart to beat
irregularly or stop, or cause a fluid buildup in the lungs.
The se can cause death.
* Eye contact can cause irritation.
* Skin rash can occur.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to Antimony Potassium Tartrate and can last for
months or years:
Cancer Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Antimony Potassium Tartrate has
been tested and has not been shown to cause cancer in animals.
Reproductive Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, Antimony Potassium Tartrate has
not been tested for its ability to adversely affect
reproduction.
Other Long-Term Effects
* Repeated exposure can cause headaches, poor appetite, dry
throat, and loss of sleep. Damage to the liver and heart
muscle, with abnormal EKG, may also occur, especially with
frequent or higher exposures.
* Years after first exposure, changes may occur on chest x-ray.
At this time these are not thought to be harmful, but more
research is needed.
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the TLV
or greater), the following is recommended before beginning work and
at regular times after that:
* Urine test for Antimony.
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may
be useful:
* Liver function tests.
* Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure.
* EKG.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies
of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information
under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
Use of Antimony Potassium Tartrate near acid may cause release of
a deadly gas, Stibine.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following controls are recommended:
* Where possible, automatically transfer Antimony Potassium
Tartrate from drums or other storage containers to process
containers.
* Specific engineering controls are recommended for this
chemical by NIOSH . Refer to the NIOSH criteria document:
Antimony #78-216.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Antimony
Potassium Tartrate should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Antimony
Potassium Tartrate.
* On skin contact with Antimony Potassium Tartrate, immediately
wash or shower to remove the chemical.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Antimony Potassium Tartrate
is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during cleanup. Do
not dry sweep.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with Antimony Potassium Tartrate. Wear
protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment
suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the
most protective glove/ clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Wear dust-proof goggles and face shield when working with
powders or dust, unless full facepiece respiratory protection
is worn.
Respiratory Protection
* IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment
should only be used if the employer has a written program that
takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for
worker training, respirator fit testing and medical exams, as
described in OSHA 1910.134.
* Where the potential exists for exposures over 0.5 mg/m3, use
a MSHA/NIOSH approved full facepiece respirator with a high
efficiency particulate filter. Greater protection is provided
by a powered-air purifying respirator.
* If while wearing a filter, cartridge or canister respirator,
you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect Antimony Potassium
Tartrate, or in the case of a full facepiece respirator you
experience eye irritation, leave the area immediately. Check
to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it
is, replace the filter, cartridge, or canister. If the seal is
no longer good, you may need a new respirator.
* Be sure to consider all potential exposures in your workplace.
You may need a combination of filters, prefilters, cartridges,
or canisters to protect against different forms of a chemical
(such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemical s.
* Where the potential for high exposures exists, use a
MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full
facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a
full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode.
* Exposure to 80 mg/m3 is immediately dangerous to life and
health. If the possibility of exposures above 80 mg/m3 exists,
use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus
with a full facepiece operated in continuous flow or other
positive pressure mode.
Common Name: Antimony Potassium Tartrate
DOT Number: UN 1551
DOT Emergency Guide code: 53
CAS Number: 28300-74-5
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NJ DOH Hazard rating
FLAMMABILITY Not Found
REACTIVITY Not Found
----------------------------------------
DOES NOT BURN
POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* Extinguish fire using an agent suitable for type of
surrounding fire. Antimony Potassium Tartrate itself does not
burn.
* POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If Antimony Potassium Tartrate is spilled, take the following
steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill until cleanup is complete.
* Ventilate the area of spill.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Antimony
Potassium Tartrate as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional
office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
for specific recommendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with Antimony Potassium Tartrate you should
be trained on its proper handling and storage.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated
area away from HEAT.
FIRST AID
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids.
Skin Contact
* Remove contaminated clothing. Wash contaminated skin with
water promptly.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
PHYSICAL DATA
Water Solubility: Soluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name: Antimonate(2), Bis
.mu.-2,3Dihydroxybutanedioato(4)-01, 02:03,04 Di, Dipotassium,
Trihydrate, Stereoisomer
Other Names and Formulations:
Tartaric Acid, Antimony Potassium Salt; Tartar Emetic; Tastox.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
------------------------------------------
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368
(609) 984-2202
------------------------------------------
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ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Antimony is an element which occurs naturally in the environment as
a component of certain minerals. As antimony oxide, it is added to
various materials as a flame retardant. Antimony may occur in the
aquatic environment from natural weathering of mineral formations,
from mining and manufacturing effluents, and from municipal wastes.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
Antimony has high acute toxicity to aquatic life. No data are
available on the short-term effects of antimony to plants, birds,
or land animals.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
Antimony has high chronic toxicity to aquatic life. No data are
available on the long-term effects of antimony to plants, birds, or
land animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
Antimony and its salts have solubilities in water ranging from low
to high.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Antimony is highly persistent in water with a half-life of longer
than 200 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the amount of time
it takes for one-half of the chemical to be degraded.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of antimony found in fish tissues is expected to
be about the same as the average concentration of antimony in the
water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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