Common Name: Allyl Chloride
CAS Number: 107-05-1
DOT Number: UN 1100
Date: July 31, 1986
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* Allyl Chloride can affect you when breathed in.
* It may cause mutations and may damage the developing fetus.
Since it is a possible cancer causing substance, handle with
extreme caution.
* Contact causes immediate deep aching pain, and can cause skin
and eye burns.
* Exposure can irritate the nose, throat, and lungs. Higher
exposures may cause fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema).
* Repeated exposures can cause liver and kidney damage.
* It is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and a FIRE HAZARD. High vapor
concentrations may cause an explosion.
IDENTIFICATION
Allyl Chloride can be a colorless, yellow, or purple liquid. It has
an very strong, unpleasant odor. It is used in making allyl
compounds.
REASON FOR CITATION
* Allyl Chloride is on the Hazardous Substance List because it
is regulated by OSHA and cited by NIOSH, ACGIH and NFPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is FLAMMABLE.
* Definitions are attached.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting air samples. Under OSHA
1910.20, you have a legal right to obtain copies of sampling
results from your employer. If you think you are experiencing
any work related health problems, see a doctor trained to
recognize occupational diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with
you.
* ODOR THRESHOLD = 1.2 ppm.
* The odor threshold only serves as a warning of exposure. Not
smelling it does not mean you are not being exposed.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is
1 ppm averaged over an 8 hour workshift.
NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 ppm
averaged over an 8 hour workshift and 3 ppm, not to be
exceeded during any 15 minute work period.
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 ppm
averaged over an 8 hour workshift and 2 ppm as a STEL
(short term exposure limit).
* Allyl Chloride may cause mutations. All contact with this
chemical should be reduced to the lowest possible level.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Allyl Chloride.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of Allyl Chloride to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
-----------------------------------------
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to Allyl Chloride:
* Contact with the liquid can cause skin burns, deep aching, and
"bone pain."
* The liquid can cause severe eye burns, leading to permanent
damage.
* Breathing the vapor may irritate the lungs, causing coughing
and/or shortness of breath. This may appear several hours
after exposure and may leave permanent damage.
* Higher exposure could cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs
(pulmonary edema) which may be delayed 1 2 days. This can
cause death.
* Exposure to the vapor can irritate the eyes, nose and throat.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to Allyl Chloride and can last for months or
years:
Cancer Hazard
* Allyl Chloride may cause mutations (genetic changes) in living
cells. Whether or not it poses a cancer hazard needs further
study.
Reproductive Hazard
* Allyl Chloride may damage the developing fetus.
Other Long Term Effects
* It may damage the liver and kidneys.
* Long term exposure may cause drying and cracking of the skin.
* Very irritating substance may affect the lungs. It is not
known whether Allyl Chloride causes lung damage.
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the TLV
or greater), the following are recommended before beginning work
and at regular times after that:
* Liver and kidney function tests.
* Lung function tests.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung cancer,
emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may worsen
respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if you
have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce your risk of
developing health problems.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following controls are recommended:
* Where possible, automatically pump liquid Allyl Chloride from
drums, or other storage containers to process containers.
* Specific engineering controls are recommended for this
chemical by NIOSH Refer to the NIOSH criteria document:
Occupational Exposure to Allyl Chloride #76 204.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Allyl Chloride
should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Allyl
Chloride.
* Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work
area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower
facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with Allyl Chloride, immediately wash or
shower to remove the chemical.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Allyl Chloride is handled,
processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed.
Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with Allyl Chloride. Wear solvent resistant
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment sup pliers/manufacturers
can provide recommendations on the most protective
glove/clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Wear splash proof chemical goggles and face shield when
working with the liquid, unless full facepiece respiratory
protection is worn.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Where the potential exists for exposures over 1 ppm, use a
MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full
facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a
full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode,
or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing
apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure demand or
other positive pressure mode.
* Exposure to 300 ppm is immediately dangerous to life and
health. If the possibility of exposures above 300 ppm exists,
use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing apparatus
with a full facepiece operated in continuous flow or other
positive pressure mode.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with Allyl Chloride you should be trained on
its proper handling and storage.
* Allyl Chloride must be stored to avoid contact with STRONG
OXIDIZERS, (such as CHLORINE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, and BRO MINE);
ACIDS (such as SULFURIC ACID and HYDROCHLORIC ACID); ALUMINUM;
ZINC; AMINES; PEROXIDES; and CHLORIDES of IRON or ALUMINUM,
since violent reactions occur.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool well ventilated
area away from HEAT.
* Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are
prohibited where Allyl Chloride is used, handled, or stored in
a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion
hazard.
* Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more
of Allyl Chloride should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be
equipped with self closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and
flame arresters.
* Use only non sparking tools and equipment, especially when
opening and closing containers of Allyl Chloride.
Common Name: Allyl Chloride
DOT Number: UN 1100
DOT Emergency Guide code: 57
CAS Number: 107-05-1
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NJ DOH Hazard rating
FLAMMABILITY 3
REACTIVITY 1
----------------------------------------
FLAMMABLE LIQUID
POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE
CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE
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Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* Allyl Chloride is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and high concentrations
of the vapor may cause an explosion.
* Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or alcohol foam to
extinguish fires. Water can be used to keep fire exposed
containers cool.
* POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED IN FIRE.
* CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If Allyl Chloride is spilled or leaked, take the following steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill or leak until cleanup is complete.
* Remove all ignition sources.
* Ventilate area of spill or leak.
* Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar
material and deposit in sealed containers.
* Keep Allyl Chloride out of a confined space, such as a sewer,
because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer
is designed to prevent the buildup of explosive
concentrations.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Allyl Chloride
as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Environmental Program
for specific recommendations.
=========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
=========================================
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area
with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention
immediately.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
* Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after
breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed.
PHYSICAL DATA
Vapor Pressure: 295 mm Hg at 68oF
Flash Point: 25oF
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
3-Chloro-1-Propene
Other Names and Formulations:
3-Chloropropene; 1-Chloro-2-Propene; Chloroallylene.
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