Common Name: 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine
CAS Number: 99-59-2
DOT Number: None
Date: January, 1989
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine can affect you when breathed in and by
passing through your skin.
* 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is a CARCINOGEN HANDLE WITH EXTREME
CAUTION.
* High exposure can interfere with the ability of the blood to
carry oxygen to body organs (a condition called
(methemoglobinemia).
* Repeated exposure may affect the thyroid, liver and other
organs.
* Related chemicals can cause an allergic skin rash; irritate
the throat and lungs; affect the kidneys, nervous system,
adrenal gland and/or bone marrow. It is not known if 5-Nitro-
o-Anisidine has any of these effects.
IDENTIFICATION
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is an orange to red needle like solid. It is
used to make dyes and pigments.
REASON FOR CITATION
* 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is on the Hazardous Substance List because
it is cited by IARC, NTP, DEP and EPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is a CARCINOGEN.
* Definitions are attached.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910.20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
No occupational exposure limits have been established for 5-Nitro-
o-Anisidine. This does not mean that this substance is not harmful.
Safe work practices should always be followed.
* It should be recognized that 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine can be
absorbed through your skin, thereby increasing your expo sure.
* 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There
may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all
contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* A regulated, marked area should be established where 5-Nitro-
o-Anisidine is handled, used, or stored.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to 5-Nitro-o-
Anisidine and at the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
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HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine:
* High exposure can interfere with the ability of the blood to
carry oxygen to body organs and can cause the skin to turn
blue (a condition called methemoglobinemia).
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine and can last for months
or years:
Cancer Hazard
* 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There
is some evidence that it causes skin, liver and reproductive
organ cancers.
* Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to
a carcinogen.
Reproductive Hazard
* There is limited evidence that 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine may damage
the testes (male reproductive glands).
Other Long Term Effects
* Repeated exposure, especially at higher levels, may affect the
liver, testes, thyroid and/or bone marrow.
* Some related chemicals can cause one or more of these effects:
reduced functioning of the adrenal gland, changes in the bile
flow, allergic skin rash, kidney damage, nervous system
effects, bone marrow damage and/or irritation of the nose,
throat and lungs. It is not known whether 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine
can cause any of these effects.
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may
be useful:
* Test for methemoglobin (only accurate for a few hours after
exposure).
* Other tests depending on symptoms.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following control is recommended:
* Where possible, automatically transfer 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine
from drums or other storage containers to process containers.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by 5-Nitro-o-
Anisidine should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members
could be exposed.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to 5-Nitro-
o-Anisidine.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower
facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine, immediately wash or
shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift,
wash any areas of the body that may have contacted 5-Nitro-o-
Anisidine, whether or not known skin contact has occurred.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is
handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during cleanup. DO
NOT DRY SWEEP.
* When vacuuming, a high efficiency particulate absolute (HEPA)
filter should be used, not a standard shop vacuum.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine. Wear protective
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers
can provide recommendations on the most protective
glove/clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Eye protection is included in the recommended respiratory
protection.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Engineering controls must be effective to ensure that exposure
to 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine does not occur.
* At any exposure level, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air
respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive
pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the
continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self
contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated
in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.
Common Name: 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine
DOT Number: None
DOT Emergency Guide code: No Citation
CAS Number: 99-59-2
----------------------------------------
Hazard rating NJDOH NFPA
FLAMMABILITY Not Found Not Rated
REACTIVITY Not Found Not Rated
----------------------------------------
CARCINOGEN
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or foam extinguishers.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is spilled take the following steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill until cleanup is complete.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of 5-Nitro-o-
Anisidine as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your Department of
Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the
federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for specific
recommendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated
area.
* A regulated, marked area should be established where 5-Nitro-
o-Anisidine is handled, used, or stored.
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash
contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
PHYSICAL DATA
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
Benzenamine, 2 Methoxy 5 Nitro
Other Names and Formulations:
2-Amino-4-Nitroanisole; Azoamine Scarlet K.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
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NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368
-----------------------------------------
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ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is a solid chemical, which may enter the
environment from industrial discharges or spills.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life and
land animals, and high acute toxicity to birds. Insufficient data
are available to evaluate or predict the short-term effects of 5-
Nitro-o-Anisidine to plants.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine has moderate chronic toxicity to aquatic life.
Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-
term effects of 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine to plants, birds, or land
animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is moderately soluble in water. Concentrations
of between 1 to 1,000 milligrams will mix with a liter of water.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
5-Nitro-o-Anisidine is slightly persistent in water, with a half-
life of between 2 to 20 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the
amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be
degraded. About 99.3% of 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine will eventually end
up in water; the rest will be divided about equally among air,
terrestrial soils, and aquatic sediments.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of 5-Nitro-o-Anisidine found in fish tissues is
expected to be about the same as the average concentration of 5-
Nitro-o-Anisidine in the water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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