Common Name: 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether
CAS Number: 101-80-4
DOT Number: None
Date: May, 1989
-----------------------------------------
HAZARD SUMMARY
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether can affect you when breathed in.
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether should be handled as a CARCINOGEN
WITH EXTREME CAUTION.
* Contact with eyes or skin can cause irritation.
* Breathing 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether can irritate the nose and
throat.
* Repeated exposure may cause liver and kidney damage. The
thyroid gland may become enlarged (goiter).
IDENTIFICATION
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether is a colorless or light pink crystalline
(sand like) solid. It is used to make special, high temperature
resistant resins.
REASON FOR CITATION
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether is on the Hazardous Substance List
because it is cited by DEP, IARC and EPA.
* Definitions are attached.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910.20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
No occupational exposure limits have been established for 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether. This does not mean that this substance is
not harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed.
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether may be a CARCINOGEN in humans.
There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all
contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether and at the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
------------------------------------------
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
Ether:
* Contact with eyes or skin can cause irritation.
* Breathing 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether can irritate the nose and
throat.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether and can last for
months or years:
Cancer Hazard
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether may be a CARCINOGEN in humans since
it has been shown to cause liver and thyroid cancers in
animals.
* Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to
a carcinogen. Such substances may also have the potential for
causing reproductive damage in humans.
Reproductive Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether has
not been adequately tested for its ability to affect
reproduction.
Other Long Term Effects
* Repeated exposure may cause liver and kidney damage and
enlarged thyroid gland (goiter).
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may
be useful:
* Tests for kidney and liver function.
* Exam of the thyroid.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause liver damage,
drinking alcohol may increase the liver damage caused by 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following control is recommended:
* Where possible, automatically transfer 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
Ether from drums or other storage containers to process
containers.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether should change into clean clothing
promptly.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether.
* Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work
area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower
facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether, immediately
wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the
workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have contacted
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether, whether or not known skin contact
has occurred.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether
is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during cleanup. DO
NOT DRY SWEEP.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether. Wear
protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment
suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the
most protective glove/clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Eye protection is included in the recommended respiratory
protection.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Engineering controls must be effective to ensure that exposure
to 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether does not occur.
* At any exposure level, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air
respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive
pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the
continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self
contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated
in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.
Common Name: 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether
DOT Number: None
DOT Emergency Guide code: No Citation
CAS Number: 101-80-4
----------------------------------------
Hazard rating NJDOH NFPA
FLAMMABILITY 1 Not Rated
REACTIVITY 0 Not Rated
----------------------------------------
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
CARCINOGEN
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether may burn, but does not readily
ignite.
* Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or foam extinguishers.
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen
Oxides.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether is spilled, take the following steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill or leak until cleanup is complete.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of 4,4'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your State
Environmental Program for specific recommendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
* 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether is not compatible with OXIDIZERS
(such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES and
NITRATES).
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated
area away from HEAT, SPARKS, or FLAME. Use in a system
designed to prevent human contact.
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids.
Skin Contact
* Remove contaminated clothing. Wash contaminated skin with soap
and water.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
PHYSICAL DATA
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg at 464oF (240oC)
Flash Point: 426oF (219oC)
Water Solubility: Insoluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
Benzenamine, 4,4' Oxybis
Other Names and Formulations:
Aniline, 4,4' Oxydi; bis (p-Aminophenyl) Ether; p,p'-
Diaminodiphenyl Ether.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
------------------------------------------
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368
------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl Ether is a solid chemical classed as an
irritant and a cancer suspect agent.It is used in the chemical
polymer industry. It may enter the environment from industrial
discharges or spills.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic
life and land animals. Insufficient data are available to evaluate
or predict the short-term effects of 4,4`-diaminodiphenyl ether to
plants or birds.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a
toxic chemical.
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether has moderate chronic toxicity to aquatic
life. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the
long-term effects of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether to plants, birds,
or land animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether is moderately soluble in
water.Concentrations of between 1 to 1,000 milligrams will mix with
a liter of water.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether is moderately persistent in water, with
a half-life of between 20 to 200 days. The half-life of a
pollutant is the amount of time it takes for one-half of the
chemical to be degraded. About 98% of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether
will eventually end up in water; the rest will be divided about
equally between terrestrial soil and aquatic sediments.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether found in fish
tissues is expected to be somewhat higher than the average
concentration of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether in the water from which
the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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