Common Name: 2-Aminoanthraquinone
CAS Number: 117-79-3
DOT Number: None
Date: January, 1989
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone can affect you when breathed in.
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone should be handled as a CARCINOGEN WITH
EXTREME CAUTION.
* Contact may irritate the eyes and skin.
IDENTIFICATION
2-Aminoanthraquinone is a red or orange brown needle shaped solid.
It is used as a dye and pharmaceutical intermediate.
REASON FOR CITATION
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone is on the Hazardous Substance List
because it is cited by NTP, DEP and EPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is a CARCINOGEN.
* Definitions are attached.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910.20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
No occupational exposure limits have been established for 2-
Aminoanthraquinone. This does not mean that this substance is not
harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed.
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There
may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all
contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* A regulated, marked area should be established where 2-
Aminoanthraquinone is handled, used, or stored.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to 2-
Aminoanthraquinone and at the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of 2-Aminoanthraquinone to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
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HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to 2-Aminoanthraquinone:
* Contact can irritate the skin and eyes.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to 2-Aminoanthraquinone and can last for months
or years:
Cancer Hazard
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. There
is some evidence that it causes cancer of the liver and lymph
system in animals.
* Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to
a carcinogen. Such substances may also have the potential for
causing reproductive damage in humans.
Reproductive Hazard
* According to the information presently available to the New
Jersey Department of Health, 2-Aminoanthraquinone has not been
tested for its ability to adversely affect reproduction.
Other Long Term Effects
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone has not been tested for other long term
health effects.
MEDICAL TESTING
There is no special test for this chemical. However, if illness
occurs or overexposure is suspected, medical attention is
recommended.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following control is recommended:
* Where possible, transfer 2-Aminoanthraquinone from drums or
other storage containers to process containers.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by 2-
Aminoanthraquinone should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members
could be exposed.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to 2-
Aminoanthraquinone.
* On skin contact with 2-Aminoanthraquinone, immediately wash or
shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift,
wash any areas of the body that may have contacted 2-
Aminoanthraquinone, whether or not known skin contact has
occurred.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where 2-Aminoanthraquinone is
handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean up.
DO NOT DRY SWEEP.
* When vacuuming, a high efficiency particulate absolute (HEPA)
filter should be used, not a standard shop vacuum.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with 2-Aminoanthraquinone. Wear protective
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers
can provide recommendations on the most protective
glove/clothing material for your operation.
Eye Protection
* Eye protection is included in the recommended respiratory
protection.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Engineering controls must be effective to ensure that exposure
to 2-Aminoanthraquinone does not occur.
* At any exposure level, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air
respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive
pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the
continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self
contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated
in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.
Common Name: 2-Aminoanthraquinone
DOT Number: None
DOT Emergency Guide code: No Citation
CAS Number: 117-79-3
----------------------------------------
Hazard rating NJDOH NFPA
FLAMMABILITY Not Found Not Rated
REACTIVITY Not Found Not Rated
----------------------------------------
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
CARCINOGEN
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen
Oxides.
* Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or alcohol foam
extinguishers.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If 2-Aminoanthraquinone is spilled, take the following steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill until cleanup is complete.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of 2-
Aminoanthraquinone as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional
office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
for specific recommendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with 2-Aminoanthraquinone you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
* A regulated, marked area should be established where 2-
Aminoanthraquinone is handled, used, or stored.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated
area.
* 2-Aminoanthraquinone is incompatible with STRONG OXIDIZERS
(such as CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE).
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash
contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water.
PHYSICAL DATA
Water Solubility: Insoluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
9,10 Anthracenedione, 2 Amino
Other Names and Formulations:
AAQ; 2-Amino-9,10-Anthracemedione.
------------------------------------------
Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
------------------------------------------
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368
-----------------------------------------
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ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
2-Aminoanthraquinone is a reddish crystalline solid. It may enter
the environment from industrial discharges or spills.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
2-Aminoanthraquinone has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life
and to birds. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or
predict the short-term effects of 2-Aminoanthraquinone to plants,
birds, or land animals.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened life span, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
2-Aminoanthraquinone has moderate chronic toxicity to aquatic life.
Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-
term effects of 2-Aminoanthraquinone to plants, birds, or land
animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
Aninoanthraquinone is moderately soluble in water. Concentrations
of between 1 to 1,000 milligrams will mix with a liter of water.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
2-Aminoanthraquinone is highly persistent in water, with a half-
life of greater than 200 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the
amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be
degraded. About 98% of 2-Aminoanthraquinone will eventually end up
in water; the rest will be divided about equally between
terrestrial soils and aquatic sediments.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of 2-Aminoanthraquinone found in fish tissues is
expected to be somewhat higher than the average concentration of 2-
Aminoanthraquinone in the water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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