Common Name: 1,3-Dichloropropene
CAS Number: 542-75-6
DOT Number: UN 2047
Date: May 1, 1986
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HAZARD SUMMARY
* 1,3-Dichloropropene can affect you when breathed in and by
passing through your skin.
* Exposure can cause headaches, chest pain, and dizziness. High
levels can cause you to pass out.
* Contact can severely burn the eyes and skin, with permanent
damage.
* High exposures can damage the kidneys, liver and lungs.
* 1,3-Dichloropropene is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID and a FIRE HAZARD.
IDENTIFICATION
1,3-Dichloropropene is a straw colored liquid with a sharp, sweet
irritating odor. It is used as a soil fumigant.
REASON FOR CITATION
* 1,3-Dichloropropene is on the Hazardous Substance List because
it is cited by ACGIH, DOT, DEP and NFPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is FLAMMABLE.
* Definitions are attached.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely
evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air
samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your
employer. You have a legal right to this information under
OSHA 1910.20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 ppm
averaged over an 8 hour workshift.
* The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin
contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even though air
levels are less than the limits listed above.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to 1,3-
Dichloropropene and at the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of 1,3-Dichloropropene to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
------------------------------------------
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to 1,3-Dichloropropene:
* A single large exposure to 1,3-Dichloropropene may damage the
kidneys, liver and lungs.
* Exposure can cause headache, chest pain, dizziness and with
higher levels, loss of consciousness.
* Contact can cause severe eye burns, with permanent damage. It
can also cause severe skin burns.
* Breathing 1,3-Dichloropropene can irritate the nose and
throat. Higher levels can irritate the lungs causing coughing
and/or shortness of breath.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to 1,3-Dichloropropene and can last for months
or years:
Cancer Hazard
* There is limited evidence that 1,3-Dichloropropene causes
cancer in animals. It may cause cancer of stomach, lung and
liver cancer. There is also limited evidence that 1, 3
Dichloropropene causes cancer in humans. Until further
research is done, it should be handled as a probable
carcinogen in humans.
* Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to
a cancer causing agent. Such substances may also have the
potential for causing reproductive damage in humans.
Reproductive Hazard
* There is no evidence that 1,3-Dichloropropene adversely
affects reproduction. This is based on test results presently
available to the New Jersey Department of Health from
published studies.
Other Long Term Effects
* Repeated exposures can damage the kidneys, liver and lungs.
* 1,3-Dichloropropene may cause chronic headache, chest pain and
change in personality.
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
Before beginning employment and at regular times after that, the
following are recommended:
* Liver function tests.
* Lung function tests.
* Kidney function tests.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
* Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause liver
damage, drinking alcohol can increase the liver damage caused
by 1,3-Dichloropropene.
* Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung
cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may
worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure.
Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will
reduce your risk of developing health problems.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly
toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following control is recommended:
* Where possible, automatically pump liquid 1,3-Dichloropropene
from drums or other storage containers to process containers.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by 1,3-
Dichloropropene should change into clean clothing promptly.
* Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family members
could be exposed.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals
who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to 1,3-
Dichloropropene.
* Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work
area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower
facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with 1,3-Dichloropropene, immediately wash or
shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift,
wash any areas of the body that may have contacted 1,3-
Dichloropropene, whether or not known skin contact has
occurred.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where 1,3-Dichloropropene is
handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be
swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or smoking.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with 1,3-Dichloropropene. Wear protective
gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/
manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most
protective glove/ clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
* 1,3-Dichloropropene penetrates rubber and other materials
rapidly. For continuous exposure, use Neoprene or equivalent,
as recommended by manufacturers.
Eye Protection
* Wear splash proof chemical goggles and face shield when
working with liquid 1,3-Dichloropropene, unless full facepiece
respiratory protection is worn.
* If exposed to the vapor, wear gas proof goggles and face
shield, unless full facepiece respiratory protection is worn.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Where the potential exists for exposures over 1 ppm, use a
MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied air respirator with a full
facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a
full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode,
or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self contained breathing
apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure demand or
other positive pressure mode.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* Prior to working with 1,3-Dichloropropene you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
* 1,3-Dichloropropene must be stored to avoid contact with
ALUMINUM or MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS; SUBSTANCES CONTAINING
FLUORINE, CHLORINE, BROMINE or IODINE; and ALKALINE or
CORROSIVE MATERIALS since violent reactions occur.
* Store in tightly closed containers in a cool well ventilated
area away from HEAT. Separate outside storage is preferred.
* Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are
prohibited where 1,3-Dichloropropene is handled, used, or
stored.
* Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more
of 1,3-Dichloropropene should be grounded and bonded. Drums
must be equipped with self closing valves, pressure vacuum
bungs, and flame arresters.
* Use only non sparking tools and equipment, especially when
opening and closing containers of 1,3-Dichloropropene.
Common Name: 1,3-Dichloropropene
DOT Number: UN 2047
DOT Emergency Guide code: 29
CAS Number: 542-75-6
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NJ DOH Hazard rating
FLAMMABILITY 3
REACTIVITY 0
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FLAMMABLE LIQUID
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE
----------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* 1,3-Dichloropropene is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID.
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Hydrogen
Chloride.
* Vapors of 1,3-Dichloropropene form explosive mixtures with air
and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.
* Use dry chemical, CO2, or foam extinguishers.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If 1,3-Dichloropropene is spilled or leaked, take the following
steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill or leak until clean up is complete.
* Remove all ignition sources.
* Ventilate area of spill or leak.
* Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar
material and deposit in sealed containers.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of 1,3-
Dichloropropene as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact Environmental
Program for specific recommendations.
==========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
==========================================
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water. Continue
without stopping for at least 30 minutes, occasionally lifting
upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash area
with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention
immediately.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
PHYSICAL DATA
Vapor Pressure: 28 mm Hg at 68oF
Flash Point: 83oF
Water Solubility: Insoluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
1,3-Dichloro-1-Propene
Other Names and Formulations:
1,3-Dichloropropylene; Tel one; alpha-Chloroallyl Chloride; 3-
Chloroallyl Chloride.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
------------------------------------------
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625 0368
------------------------------------------
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ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
1,3-Dichloropropene is a liquid at normal environmental
temperatures and is part of a fumigant used to kill soil nematodes
of various crops. It may enter the environment from industrial
discharges or runoff from agricultural land.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
1,3-Dichloropropene has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life.
It has caused size decrease, stunting, and yield decreases in
various crops. Insufficient data are available to evaluate or
predict the short-term effects of 1,3-dichloropropene to birds or
land animals.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
1,3-Dichloropropene has moderate chronic toxicity to aquatic life.
Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-
term effects of 1,3-dichloropropene to plants, birds, or land
animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
1,3-Dichloropropene is highly soluble in water. Concentrations of
1,000 milligrams and more will mix with a liter of water.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
1,3-Dichloropropene is slightly persistent in water, with a half-
life of between 2 to 20 days. The half-life of a pollutant is the
amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be
degraded. About 95% of 1,3-dichloropropene will eventually end up
in air; the rest will end up in the water.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of 1,3-dichloropropene found in fish tissues is
expected to be about the same as the average concentration of 1,3-
dichloropropene in the water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.,
Phytotox.
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