Common Name: 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
CAS Number: 122-66-7
DOT Number: None
DATE: December, 1989
HAZARD SUMMARY
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine can affect you when breathed in and by
passing through your skin.
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine should be handled as a CARCINOGEN--WITH
EXTREME CAUTION.
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine can cause severe skin and eye irritation
and/or burns and may lead to permanent damage.
* Breathing vapors can irritate the nose, throat and lungs.
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine may cause a skin allergy. If allergy
develops, very low future exposures can cause itching and a
skin rash.
* Exposure to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine cause headache, nausea,
dizziness.
* high or repeated exposure may damage the liver, kidneys, brain
and red blood cells (hemolytic anemia).
IDENTIFICATION
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is on the Hazardous Substance List because it
is cited by NTP, DEP, CAG and EPA.
* This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List
because it is a CARCINOGEN.
HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING EXPOSED
* Exposure to hazardous substance should be routinely evaluated.
This may include collecting personal and area air samples.
You can obtain copies of sampling results from your employer.
You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.20.
* If you think you are experiencing any work-related health
problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational
diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you.
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
No occupational exposure limits have been established for 1,2-
Diphenylhydrazine. This does not mean that this substance is not
harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed.
It should be recognized that 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine can be absorbed
through your skin, thereby increasing your exposure.
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine may be a CARCINOGEN in humans. There
may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all
contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level.
WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE
* Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust
ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust
ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be
worn.
* Wear protective work clothing.
* Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to 1,2-
Diphenylhydrazine and the end of the workshift.
* Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In
addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort,
communicate all information on the health and safety hazards
of 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine to potentially exposed workers.
This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all potential
and most severe health hazards that may result from exposure.
Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other
factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential
effects described below.
------------------------------------------
HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
Acute Health Effects
The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur
immediately or shortly after exposure to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine:
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine can cause severe skin and eye irritation
and/or burns and may lead to permanent damage.
* Breathing vapors can irritate the nose, throat and lungs.
* Exposure to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine can cause headache, nausea,
dizziness. Higher levels may cause convulsions.
* Exposure may cause damage to red blood cells (hemolytic
anemia).
* Higher exposures could cause a dangerous fluid build-up in the
lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency with severe
shortness of breath.
Chronic Health Effects
The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some
time after exposure to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine and can last for
months or years:
Cancer Hazard
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine may be a CARCINOGEN in humans since it
has been shown to cause liver, skin, mammary gloss in animals.
* Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to
a carcinogen. Such substances may also have the potential for
causing reproductive damage in humans.
Reproductive Hazard
* According to the information presently, 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
has not been tested for its ability to affect reproduction.
Other Long-Term Effects
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine may cause a skin allergy. If allergy
develops, very low future exposures can cause itching and skin
rash.
* High or repeated exposure may damage the liver and kidneys.
* This chemical has not been adequately evaluated to determine
whether brain or other nerve damage could occur with repeated
exposure. However, many solvents and other petroleum-based
chemicals have been shown to cause such damage. Effects may
include reduced memory and concentration, personality changes
(withdrawal, irritability), fatigue, sleep disturbances,
reduced coordination, and/or effects on nerves supplying
internal organs (autonomic nerves) and/or nerves to the arms
and legs (weakness, "pins and needles").
MEDICAL
Medical Testing
If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may
be useful:
* Evaluation by a qualified allergist, including careful
exposure history and special testing, may help diagnose skin
allergy.
* Liver and kidney function tests.
* Interview for brain symptoms, including recent memory, mood
(irritability, withdrawal), concentration, headaches, malaise
and altered sleep patterns. Consider cerebellar, autonomic
and peripheral nervous system evaluation. Positive and
borderline individuals should be referred for
neuropsychological testing.
* Complete blood count.
Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present
symptoms with an exam. Medical test that look for damage already
done are not a substitute for controlling exposure.
Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to
this information under OSHA 1910.20.
Mixed Exposures
Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung cancer,
emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may worsen
respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if you
have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce your risk of
developing health problems.
WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES
Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous
substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of
reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations
and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical
release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using
respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the
controls mentioned above, but is sometimes necessary.
In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1)
how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the substance is
released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye
contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for
highly toxic chemicals or when significant skin, eye, or breathing
exposures are possible.
In addition, the following control is recommended:
* Where possible, automatically transfer 1,2-
Diphenylhydrazine from drums or other storage containers
to process containers.
Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous exposures. The
following work practices are recommended:
* Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by 1,2-
Diphenylhydrazine should change into clean clothing
promptly.
* Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by
individuals who have been informed of the hazardous of
exposure to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine.
* Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate
work area for emergency use.
* If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency
shower facilities should be provided.
* On skin contact with 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine, immediately
wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the
workshift, wash any area of the body that may have
contacted 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine, whether or not known
skin contact has occurred.
* Do not eat, smoke, or drink where 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can
be swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating or
smoking.
* Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean-
up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP.
* When vacuuming, a high efficiency particulate absolute
(HEPA) filter would be used, not a standard shop vacuum.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
However, for some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry,
jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace
controls are being installed), personal protective equipment may be
appropriate.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply
to every situation.
Clothing
* Avoid skin contact with 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine. Wear
protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment
suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the
most protective glove/clothing material for your operation.
* All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.
Eye Protection
* Eye protection is included in the recommended respiratory
protection.
Respiratory Protection
IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. Such equipment should
only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into
account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training,
respirator fit testing and medical exams, as described in OSHA
1910.134.
* Engineering controls must be effective to ensure that exposure
to 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine does not occur.
* At any exposure level, use a MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied-air
respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive
pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the
continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self-
contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated
in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.
Common Name: 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
DOT Number: None
DOT Emergency Guide Code: No Citation
CAS Number : 122-667
------------------------------------------
Hazard rating NJDOH NFPA
Flammability Not Found Not Rated
Reactivity Not Found Not Rated
------------------------------------------
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CARCINOGEN
------------------------------------------
Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious;
4=severe
FIRE HAZARDS
* Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or foam extinguishers.
* POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen
Oxides.
* If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained
and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156.
SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES
If 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is spilled, take the following steps:
* Restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of
spill until clean-up is complete.
* Remove all ignition sources.
* Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe
manner and deposit in sealed containers.
* Ventilate area after clean-up is complete.
* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of 1,2-
Diphenylhydrazine as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state
Environmental Program for specific recommendations.
=========================================
FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire department.
=========================================
HANDLING AND STORAGE
* 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is not compatible with STRONG OXIDIZERS
(such as CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE), STRONG ACIDS (such
as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC), ACID CHLORIDES, and
ACID ANHYDRIDES.
* Store in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated
area.
* Prior to working with 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine you should be
trained on its proper handling and storage.
FIRST AID
POISON INFORMATION
Eye Contact
* Immediately flush with large amounts of water. for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact
* Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash
contaminated skin with large amounts of soap.
Breathing
* Remove the person from exposure.
* Begin rescue breathing if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped.
* Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
* Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after
breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed.
PHYSICAL DATA
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble
OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES
Chemical Name:
Hydrazine, 1,2-Diphenyl-
Other Names and Formulations:
n,n'-Bianiline; DPH; Hydrazobenzene.
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Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial purposes.
-------------------------------------------
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Right to Know Program
CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368
------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is a manufactured chemical. It is used to
make phenylbutazone and as a starting material to make benzidine,
an intermediate in the production of dyes. 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
may enter the environment from industrial discharges.
ACUTE (SHORT-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Acute toxic effects may include the death of animals, birds, or
fish, and death or low growth rate in plants. Acute effects are
seen two to four days after animals or plants come in contact with
a toxic chemical substance.
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine has high acute toxicity to aquatic life and
moderate acute toxicity to land animals. Insufficient data are
available to evaluate or predict the acute, short-term effects of
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine to plants or birds.
CHRONIC (LONG-TERM) ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Chronic toxic effects may include shortened lifespan, reproductive
problems, lower fertility, and changes in appearance or behavior.
Chronic effects can be seen long after first exposure(s) to a toxic
chemical.
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine has high chronic toxicity to aquatic life.
Insufficient data are available to evaluate or predict the long-
term effects of this chemical to plants, birds or land animals.
WATER SOLUBILITY
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is slightly soluble in water. Concentrations
of less that 1 milligram will mix with a liter of water.
DISTRIBUTION AND PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is moderately persistent in water, with a
half-life of between 20 to 200 days. The half-life of a pollutant
is the amount of time it takes for one-half of the chemical to be
degraded. About 84.25% of 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine will eventually
end up in water; about 6.25% will end up in terrestrial soils;
about 5.8% will end up in aquatic sediments; and about 3.7% will
end up in air.
BIOACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Some substances increase in concentration, or bioaccumulate, in
living organisms as they breathe contaminated air, drink
contaminated water, or eat contaminated food. These chemicals can
become concentrated in the tissues and internal organs of animals
and humans.
The concentration of 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine found in fish tissues is
expected to be somewhat higher than the average concentration of
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine in the water from which the fish was taken.
SUPPORT DOCUMENT: AQUIRE Database, ERL-Duluth, U.S. EPA.
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